さまざまな文字列操作
明解C言語 入門編 > 11. 文字列とポインタ >
さまざまな文字列操作
C
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
/* strcat */
char st1[100] = "1234567890";
char st2[100] = "ABCDE";printf("%s + ", st1);
printf("%s = ", st2);
strcat(st1, st2);
printf("%s\n", st1);char st3[100] = "1234567890";
printf("%s + ", st3);
printf("%s = ", st2);
strncat(st3, st2, 4);
printf("%s\n", st3);char st4[100] = "1234567890";
printf("%s + ", st4);
printf("%s = ", st2);
strncat(st4, st2, 6);
printf("%s\n", st4);
puts("");/* strrev */
printf("%s\n", st4);
printf("%s\n", strrev(st4));
puts("");/* strcmp */
char* pt1 = "123";
char* pt2 = "123";int i = strcmp(pt1, pt2);
if (i == 0)
printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else if (i > 0)
printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else
printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);pt2 = "122";
i = strcmp(pt1, pt2);
if (i == 0)
printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else if (i > 0)
printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else
printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);pt2 = "124";
i = strcmp(pt1, pt2);
if (i == 0)
printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else if (i > 0)
printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else
printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);pt2 = "999";
i = strcmp(pt1, pt2);
if (i == 0)
printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else if (i > 0)
printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else
printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);pt2 = "12";
i = strcmp(pt1, pt2);
if (i == 0)
printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else if (i > 0)
printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else
printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);pt2 = "1234";
i = strcmp(pt1, pt2);
if (i == 0)
printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else if (i > 0)
printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else
printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);puts("");
/* stricmp */
pt1 = "ABCD";
pt2 = "abcd";
i = strcmp(pt1, pt2);
if (i == 0)
printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else if (i > 0)
printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else
printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);i = stricmp(pt1, pt2);
if (i == 0)
printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else if (i > 0)
printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);
else
printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i);puts("");
/* strstr */
pt1 = "1234567890";
pt2 = "45";
char* pt3 = strstr(pt1, pt2);
printf("strstr(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %u\n", pt1, pt2, pt3 - pt1);pt2 = "12";
pt3 = strstr(pt1, pt2);
printf("strstr(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %u\n", pt1, pt2, pt3 - pt1);pt2 = "123456780";
pt3 = strstr(pt1, pt2);
if (pt3 != '\0')
printf("strstr(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %u\n", pt1, pt2, pt3 - pt1);
else
printf("strstr(\"%s\", \"%s\") = NULL\n", pt1, pt2);puts("");
/* strchr */
pt1 = "1294567890";
char c = '9';
pt3 = strchr(pt1, c);
printf("strchr(\"%s\", \"%c\") = %u\n", pt1, c, pt3 - pt1);c = 'A';
pt3 = strchr(pt1, c);
if (pt3 != '\0')
printf("strchr(\"%s\", \"%c\") = %u\n", pt1, c, pt3 - pt1);
else
printf("strchr(\"%s\", \"%c\") = NULL\n", pt1, c);puts("");
/* strrchr */
c = '9';
pt3 = strrchr(pt1, c);
printf("strrchr(\"%s\", \"%c\") = %u\n", pt1, c, pt3 - pt1);c = 'A';
pt3 = strrchr(pt1, c);
if (pt3 != '\0')
printf("strrchr(\"%s\", \"%c\") = %u\n", pt1, c, pt3 - pt1);
else
printf("strrchr(\"%s\", \"%c\") = NULL\n", pt1, c);puts("");
pt1 = "1234567890";/* strpbrk */
pt2 = "ABCD8";
pt3 = strpbrk(pt1, pt2);
if (pt3 != '\0')
printf("strpbrk(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %u\n", pt1, pt2, pt3 - pt1);
else
printf("strpbrk(\"%s\", \"%s\") = NULL\n", pt1, pt2);pt2 = "ABCDE";
pt3 = strpbrk(pt1, pt2);
if (pt3 != '\0')
printf("strpbrk(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %u\n", pt1, pt2, pt3 - pt1);
else
printf("strpbrk(\"%s\", \"%s\") = NULL\n", pt1, pt2);puts("");
/* strcspn */
pt2 = "0";
i = strcspn(pt1, pt2);
printf("strcspn(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %u\n", pt1, pt2, i);pt2 = "A";
i = strcspn(pt1, pt2);
printf("strcspn(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %u\n", pt1, pt2, i);puts("");
/* strtok */
pt1 = "a\\bcd\\efg";
pt2 = "\\";
printf("pt1 = %s\n", pt1);pt3 = strtok(pt1, pt2);
printf("pt1 = %s, pt3 = %s\n", pt1, pt3);pt3 = strtok('\0', pt2);
printf("pt1 = %s, pt3 = %s\n", pt1, pt3);pt3 = strtok('\0', pt2);
printf("pt1 = %s, pt3 = %s\n", pt1, pt3);return 0;
}
実行結果
R:\>lesson087\project1.exe
1234567890 + ABCDE = 1234567890ABCDE
1234567890 + ABCDE = 1234567890ABCD
1234567890 + ABCDE = 1234567890ABCDE1234567890ABCDE
EDCBA0987654321123 = 123 (0)
123 > 122 (1)
123 < 124 (-1)
123 < 999 (-8)
123 > 12 (51)
123 < 1234 (-52)ABCD < abcd (-32)
ABCD = abcd (0)strstr("1234567890", "45") = 3
strstr("1234567890", "12") = 0
strstr("1234567890", "123456780") = NULLstrchr("1294567890", "9") = 2
strchr("1294567890", "A") = NULLstrrchr("1294567890", "9") = 8
strrchr("1294567890", "A") = NULLstrpbrk("1234567890", "ABCD8") = 7
strpbrk("1234567890", "ABCDE") = NULLstrcspn("1234567890", "0") = 9
strcspn("1234567890", "A") = 10pt1 = a\bcd\efg
pt1 = a, pt3 = a
pt1 = a, pt3 = bcd
pt1 = a, pt3 = efg
Delphi
program Project1;{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
SysUtils, StrUtils;procedure main();
const
st1: String = '1234567890';
st2: String = 'ABCDE';pt1: array[0..255] of Char = '1234567890';
pt2: array[0..255] of Char = 'ABCDE';
var
st3: String;
pt3: array[0..255] of Char;
ptr: PChar;
c : Char;
i, j: Integer;
begin
(* Concat *)
st3 := st1 + st2;
Writeln(Format('%s + %s = %s', [st1, st2, st3]));st3 := Concat(st1, st2);
Writeln(Format('%s + %s = %s', [st1, st2, st3]));Writeln('');
(* Pos *)
st3 := '45';
i := Pos(st3, st1);
Writeln(Format('Pos(%s, %s) = %d', [st3, st1, i]));st3 := '12';
i := Pos(st3, st1);
Writeln(Format('Pos(%s, %s) = %d', [st3, st1, i]));st3 := '123456780';
i := Pos(st3, st1);
Writeln(Format('Pos(%s, %s) = %d', [st3, st1, i]));Writeln('');
(* LeftStr *)
i := 5;
st3 := LeftStr(st1, i);
Writeln(Format('LeftStr(%s, %d) = %s', [st1, i, st3]));(* MidStr *)
i := 5;
j := 3;
st3 := MidStr(st1, i, j);
Writeln(Format('MidStr(%s, %d, %d) = %s', [st1, i, j, st3]));(* RightStr *)
i := 5;
st3 := RightStr(st1, i);
Writeln(Format('RightStr(%s, %d) = %s', [st1, i, st3]));Writeln('');
(* ReverseString *)
st3 := ReverseString(st1);
Writeln(Format('ReverseString(%s) = %s', [st1, st3]));Writeln('');
(* StuffString *)
i := 5;
j := 3;
st3 := StuffString(st1, i, j, st2);
Writeln(Format('StuffString(%s, %d, %d, %s) = %s', [st1, i, j, st2, st3]));Writeln('');
(* StringReplace *)
st3 := StringReplace('AbcAbcAbc', 'ABC', '123', [rfIgnoreCase]);
Writeln(Format('StringReplace(''AbcAbcAbc'', ''ABC'', ''123'', [rfIgnoreCase]) = %s', [st3]));st3 := StringReplace('AbcAbcAbc', 'ABC', '123', [rfIgnoreCase, rfReplaceAll]);
Writeln(Format('StringReplace(''AbcAbcAbc'', ''ABC'', ''123'', [rfIgnoreCase, rfReplaceAll]) = %s', [st3]));st3 := StringReplace('AbcABCABC', 'ABC', '123', []);
Writeln(Format('StringReplace(''AbcABCABC'', ''ABC'', ''123'', []) = %s', [st3]));Writeln('');
(* Insert *)
i := 5;
st3 := '1234567890';
st2 := 'ABC';
write(Format('Insert(%s, %s, %d) = ', [st2, st3, i]));
Insert(st2, st3, i);
Writeln(Format('%s', [st3]));(* Delete *)
i := 5;
j := 3;
st3 := '1234567890';
write(Format('Delete(%s, %d, %d) = ', [st3, i, j]));
Delete(st3, i, j);
Writeln(Format('%s', [st3]));Writeln('');
(* StrCat *)
pt3 := '1234567890';
write(Format('%s + %s = ', [pt3, pt2]));
StrCat(pt3, pt2);
Writeln(Format('%s', [pt3]));Writeln('');
(* StrComp *)
pt1 := '123';
pt2 := '123';
i := StrComp(pt1, pt2);
if (i = 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else if (i > 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]));pt2 := '122';
i := StrComp(pt1, pt2);
if (i = 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else if (i > 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]));pt2 := '124';
i := StrComp(pt1, pt2);
if (i = 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else if (i > 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]));pt2 := '999';
i := StrComp(pt1, pt2);
if (i = 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else if (i > 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]));pt2 := '12';
i := StrComp(pt1, pt2);
if (i = 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else if (i > 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]));pt2 := '1234';
i := StrComp(pt1, pt2);
if (i = 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else if (i > 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]));Writeln('');
(* StrIComp *)
pt1 := 'ABCD';
pt2 := 'abcd';
i := StrComp(pt1, pt2);
if (i = 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else if (i > 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]));i := StrIComp(pt1, pt2);
if (i = 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else if (i > 0) then
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]))
else
Writeln(Format('%s = %s (%d)', [pt1, pt2, i]));Writeln('');
(* StrPos *)
pt1 := '1234567890';
pt2 := '45';
ptr := StrPos(pt1, pt2);
Writeln(Format('StrPos(%s, %s) = %d', [pt1, pt2, ptr - pt1]));pt2 := '12';
ptr := StrPos(pt1, pt2);
Writeln(Format('StrPos(%s, %s) = %d', [pt1, pt2, ptr - pt1]));pt2 := '123456780';
ptr := StrPos(pt1, pt2);
if (ptr = nil) then
Writeln(Format('StrPos(%s, %s) = nil', [pt1, pt2]))
else
Writeln(Format('StrPos(%s, %s) = %d', [pt1, pt2, ptr - pt1]));Writeln('');
(* StrScan *)
pt1 := '1294567890';
c := '9';
ptr := StrScan(pt1, c);
Writeln(Format('StrScan(%s, %s) = %d', [pt1, c, ptr - pt1]));c := 'A';
ptr := StrScan(pt1, c);
if (ptr = nil) then
Writeln(Format('StrScan(%s, %s) = nil', [pt1, c]))
else
Writeln(Format('StrScan(%s, %s) = %d', [pt1, c, ptr - pt1]));Writeln('');
(* StrRScan *)
c := '9';
ptr := StrRScan(pt1, c);
Writeln(Format('StrRScan(%s, %s) = %d', [pt1, c, ptr - pt1]));c := 'A';
ptr := StrRScan(pt1, c);
if (ptr = nil) then
Writeln(Format('StrRScan(%s, %s) = nil', [pt1, c]))
else
Writeln(Format('StrRScan(%s, %s) = %d', [pt1, c, ptr - pt1]));
end;begin
main;
end.
実行結果
S:\>lesson087\project1.exe
1234567890 + ABCDE = 1234567890ABCDE
1234567890 + ABCDE = 1234567890ABCDEPos(45, 1234567890) = 4
Pos(12, 1234567890) = 1
Pos(123456780, 1234567890) = 0LeftStr(1234567890, 5) = 12345
MidStr(1234567890, 5, 3) = 567
RightStr(1234567890, 5) = 67890ReverseString(1234567890) = 0987654321
StuffString(1234567890, 5, 3, ABCDE) = 1234ABCDE890
StringReplace('AbcAbcAbc', 'ABC', '123', [rfIgnoreCase]) = 123AbcAbc
StringReplace('AbcAbcAbc', 'ABC', '123', [rfIgnoreCase, rfReplaceAll]) = 123123123
StringReplace('AbcABCABC', 'ABC', '123', []) = Abc123ABCInsert(ABC, 1234567890, 5) = 1234ABC567890
Delete(1234567890, 5, 3) = 12348901234567890 + ABCDE = 1234567890ABCDE
123 = 123 (0)
123 = 122 (1)
123 = 124 (-1)
123 = 999 (-8)
123 = 12 (51)
123 = 1234 (-52)ABCD = abcd (-32)
ABCD = abcd (0)StrPos(1234567890, 45) = 3
StrPos(1234567890, 12) = 0
StrPos(1234567890, 123456780) = nilStrScan(1294567890, 9) = 2
StrScan(1294567890, A) = nilStrRScan(1294567890, 9) = 8
StrRScan(1294567890, A) = nil
Perl
# strcat $st1 = "1234567890"; $st2 = "ABCDE"; $st3 = $st1 . $st2; printf("%s + ", $st1); printf("%s = ", $st2); printf("%s\n", $st3); $st3 = join('', ($st1, $st2)); printf("%s + ", $st1); printf("%s = ", $st2); printf("%s\n", $st3); printf("\n"); # strrev printf("%s\n", $st3); @ary = split(//, $st3); @ary = reverse(@ary); $st3 = join('', @ary); printf("%s\n", $st3); printf("\n"); # strcmp $pt1 = "123"; $pt2 = "123"; $i = ($pt1 cmp $pt2); if ($i == 0) { printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } elsif ($i > 0) { printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } else { printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } $pt2 = "122"; $i = ($pt1 cmp $pt2); if ($i == 0) { printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } elsif ($i > 0) { printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } else { printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } $pt2 = "124"; $i = ($pt1 cmp $pt2); if ($i == 0) { printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } elsif ($i > 0) { printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } else { printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } $pt2 = "999"; $i = ($pt1 cmp $pt2); if ($i == 0) { printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } elsif ($i > 0) { printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } else { printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } $pt2 = "12"; $i = ($pt1 cmp $pt2); if ($i == 0) { printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } elsif ($i > 0) { printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } else { printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } $pt2 = "1234"; $i = ($pt1 cmp $pt2); if ($i == 0) { printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } elsif ($i > 0) { printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } else { printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); } print "\n"; # strstr $pt1 = "1234567890"; $pt2 = "45"; $i = index($pt1, $pt2); printf("index(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %d\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); $pt2 = "12"; $i = index($pt1, $pt2); printf("index(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %d\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); $pt2 = "123456780"; $i = index($pt1, $pt2); printf("index(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %d\n", $pt1, $pt2, $i); print "\n"; # strrchr $c = "9"; $i = rindex($pt1, $c); printf("rindex(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %s\n", $pt1, $c, $i); $c = "A"; $i = rindex($pt1, $c); printf("rindex(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %s\n", $pt1, $c, $i); print "\n"; # s $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; print $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 =~ s/a/1/; # "a" を "1" に print "s/a/1/ = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ s/a/1/g; # "a" を "1" に print "s/a/1/g = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ s/a/1/gi; # "a" を "1" に print "s/a/1/gi = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ s/abc/123/gi; # "abc" を "123" に print "s/abc/123/gi = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ s/abc/12/gi; # "abc" を "12" に print "s/abc/12/gi = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ s/ac/13/gi; # "ac" を "13" に print "s/ac/13/gi = ", $pt1, "\n"; print "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ tr/a/1/; # "a" を "1" に print "tr/a/1/ = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ tr/a/1/c; # "a"以外 を "1" に print "tr/a/1/c = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ tr/a/1/d; # "a" を "1" に print "tr/a/1/d = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ tr/a/1/s; # "a"の連続を "1" に print "tr/a/1/s = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ tr/abc/123/; # "a", "b", "c" を "1", "2", "3" に print "tr/abc/123/ = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ tr/abc/1/c; # "a", "b", "c" 以外 を "1" に print "tr/abc/1/c = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ tr/abc/123/d; # "a", "b", "c" を "1", "2", "3" に print "tr/abc/123/d = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ tr/abc/12/d; # "a", "b" を "1", "2" に。"c" は 削除 print "tr/abc/12/d = ", $pt1, "\n"; $pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC"; $pt1 =~ tr/abc/123/s; # "a"の連続を "1" に。 "b"の連続を "2" に。 "c"の連続を "3" に。 print "tr/abc/123/s = ", $pt1, "\n";
実行結果
L:\>perl lesson_11_087.pl
1234567890 + ABCDE = 1234567890ABCDE
1234567890 + ABCDE = 1234567890ABCDE1234567890ABCDE
EDCBA0987654321123 = 123 (0)
123 > 122 (1)
123 < 124 (-1)
123 < 999 (-1)
123 > 12 (1)
123 < 1234 (-1)index("1234567890", "45") = 3
index("1234567890", "12") = 0
index("1234567890", "123456780") = -1rindex("1234567890", "9") = 8
rindex("1234567890", "A") = -1aabbccabcAABBCCABC
s/a/1/ = 1abbccabcAABBCCABC
s/a/1/g = 11bbcc1bcAABBCCABC
s/a/1/gi = 11bbcc1bc11BBCC1BC
s/abc/123/gi = aabbcc123AABBCC123
s/abc/12/gi = aabbcc12AABBCC12
s/ac/13/gi = aabbccabcAABBCCABCtr/a/1/ = 11bbcc1bcAABBCCABC
tr/a/1/c = aa1111a11111111111
tr/a/1/d = 11bbcc1bcAABBCCABC
tr/a/1/s = 1bbcc1bcAABBCCABC
tr/abc/123/ = 112233123AABBCCABC
tr/abc/1/c = aabbccabc111111111
tr/abc/123/d = 112233123AABBCCABC
tr/abc/12/d = 112212AABBCCABC
tr/abc/123/s = 123123AABBCCABC
Ruby
# strcat st1 = "1234567890" st2 = "ABCDE" st3 = st1 + st2 printf("%s + ", st1) printf("%s = ", st2) printf("%s\n", st3) st3 = st1 << st2 printf("%s + ", st1) printf("%s = ", st2) printf("%s\n", st3) st3 = st1.concat(st2) printf("%s + ", st1) printf("%s = ", st2) printf("%s\n", st3) puts "" # strrev printf("%s\n", st3) ary = st3.split(//) ary = ary.reverse st3 = ary.join printf("%s\n", st3) printf("%s\n", st3.reverse) puts "" # strcmp pt1 = "123" pt2 = "123" i = pt1 <=> pt2 if (i == 0) printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) elsif (i > 0) printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) else printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) end pt2 = "122" i = pt1 <=> pt2 if (i == 0) printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) elsif (i > 0) printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) else printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) end pt2 = "124" i = pt1 <=> pt2 if (i == 0) printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) elsif (i > 0) printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) else printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) end pt2 = "999" i = pt1 <=> pt2 if (i == 0) printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) elsif (i > 0) printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) else printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) end pt2 = "12" i = pt1 <=> pt2 if (i == 0) printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) elsif (i > 0) printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) else printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) end pt2 = "1234" i = pt1 <=> pt2 if (i == 0) printf("%s = %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) elsif (i > 0) printf("%s > %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) else printf("%s < %s (%d)\n", pt1, pt2, i) end puts "" # strstr pt1 = "1234567890" pt2 = "45" i = pt1.index(pt2) if i == nil printf("index(\"%s\", \"%s\") = nil\n", pt1, pt2) else printf("index(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %d\n", pt1, pt2, i) end pt2 = "12" i = pt1.index(pt2) if i == nil printf("index(\"%s\", \"%s\") = nil\n", pt1, pt2) else printf("index(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %d\n", pt1, pt2, i) end pt2 = "123456780" i = pt1.index(pt2) if i == nil printf("index(\"%s\", \"%s\") = nil\n", pt1, pt2) else printf("index(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %d\n", pt1, pt2, i) end puts "" # strrchr c = "9" i = pt1.rindex(c) if i == nil printf("rindex(\"%s\", \"%s\") = nil\n", pt1, c) else printf("rindex(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %s\n", pt1, c, i) end c = "A" i = pt1.rindex(c) if i == nil printf("rindex(\"%s\", \"%s\") = nil\n", pt1, c) else printf("rindex(\"%s\", \"%s\") = %s\n", pt1, c, i) end puts "" # s pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" puts pt1 pt1.sub!(/a/, "1") # "a" を "1" に print "s/a/1/ = ", pt1, "\n" pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" pt1.gsub!(/a/, "1") # "a" を "1" に print "s/a/1/g = ", pt1, "\n" pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" pt1.gsub!(/a/i, "1") # "a" を "1" に print "s/a/1/gi = ", pt1, "\n" pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" pt1.gsub!(/abc/i, "123") # "abc" を "123" に print "s/abc/123/gi = ", pt1, "\n" pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" pt1.gsub!(/abc/i, "12") # "abc" を "12" に print "s/abc/12/gi = ", pt1, "\n" pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" pt1.gsub!(/ac/i, "13") # "ac" を "13" に print "s/ac/13/gi = ", pt1, "\n" pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" pt1.tr!("a", "1") # "a" を "1" に print "tr/a/1/ = ", pt1, "\n" pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" pt1.tr!("^a", "1") # "a"以外 を "1" に print "tr/a/1/c = ", pt1, "\n" pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" pt1.tr_s!("a", "1") # "a"の連続を "1" に print "tr/a/1/s = ", pt1, "\n" pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" pt1.tr!("abc", "123") # "a", "b", "c" を "1", "2", "3" に print "tr/abc/123/ = ", pt1, "\n" pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" pt1.tr!("^abc", "1") # "a", "b", "c" 以外 を "1" に print "tr/abc/1/ = ", pt1, "\n" pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" pt1.tr!("abc", "12") # "a", "b", "c" を "1", "2", "2" に print "tr/abc/12/d = ", pt1, "\n" pt1 = "aabbccabcAABBCCABC" pt1.tr_s!("abc", "123") # "a"の連続を "1" に。 "b"の連続を "2" に。 "c"の連続を "3" に。 print "tr/abc/123/s = ", pt1, "\n"
実行結果
L:\>ruby l:\lesson_11_087.rb
1234567890 + ABCDE = 1234567890ABCDE
1234567890ABCDE + ABCDE = 1234567890ABCDE
1234567890ABCDEABCDE + ABCDE = 1234567890ABCDEABCDE1234567890ABCDEABCDE
EDCBAEDCBA0987654321
1234567890ABCDEABCDE123 = 123 (0)
123 > 122 (1)
123 < 124 (-1)
123 < 999 (-1)
123 > 12 (1)
123 < 1234 (-1)index("1234567890", "45") = 3
index("1234567890", "12") = 0
index("1234567890", "123456780") = nilrindex("1234567890", "9") = 8
rindex("1234567890", "A") = nilaabbccabcAABBCCABC
s/a/1/ = 1abbccabcAABBCCABC
s/a/1/g = 11bbcc1bcAABBCCABC
s/a/1/gi = 11bbcc1bc11BBCC1BC
s/abc/123/gi = aabbcc123AABBCC123
s/abc/12/gi = aabbcc12AABBCC12
s/ac/13/gi = aabbccabcAABBCCABC
tr/a/1/ = 11bbcc1bcAABBCCABC
tr/a/1/c = aa1111a11111111111
tr/a/1/s = 1bbcc1bcAABBCCABC
tr/abc/123/ = 112233123AABBCCABC
tr/abc/1/ = aabbccabc111111111
tr/abc/12/d = 112222122AABBCCABC
tr/abc/123/s = 123123AABBCCABC